我國(guo)鋁(lv)材加(jia)工業(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)至今,已基(ji)本(ben)形成較完整的(de)(de)鋁(lv)加(jia)工產業(ye)(ye)體系,其標志:一是生產裝備配(pei)套齊(qi)全(quan),且具有(you)國(guo)際現(xian)代化技術裝備水平(ping);二是合金(jin)牌號齊(qi)全(quan),從1×××系到8×××系的(de)(de)鋁(lv)合金(jin)均可生產;三是生產工藝(yi)齊(qi)全(quan),包括連續鑄軋、連鑄連軋、熱(re)軋、冷軋、擠壓、模鍛(duan)、拉拔等(deng);四是鋁(lv)材品(pin)種規格基(ji)本(ben)齊(qi)全(quan),已大量應用到各行(xing)業(ye)(ye).

    經(jing)過近(jin)10年的發展,高精鋁(lv)材的短板(ban)也(ye)已(yi)大體補上,譬如(ru):數字印刷用高檔CTP版(ban)基比率已(yi)達(da)到近(jin)80%;鋁(lv)制易拉(la)(la)罐(guan)罐(guan)體料、罐(guan)蓋料、拉(la)(la)環料已(yi)能滿足國(guo)內需求(qiu),并實現了(le)部分產(chan)(chan)品出口;汽車車身鋁(lv)板(ban),隨著諾貝麗斯(si)鋁(lv)制品(中國(guo))有限公(gong)司(si)、神戶制鋼天津有限公(gong)司(si)、西南(nan)鋁(lv)業(ye)集(ji)團(tuan)有限公(gong)司(si)、南(nan)南(nan)鋁(lv)加(jia)工有限公(gong)司(si)和南(nan)山鋁(lv)業(ye)集(ji)團(tuan)汽車鋁(lv)板(ban)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)線的投(tou)產(chan)(chan),這一高技術產(chan)(chan)品短板(ban)也(ye)基本(ben)得到補缺(que).

    盡管如此(ci),我國鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)材(cai)(cai)(cai)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)短(duan)板仍然還是(shi)(shi)(shi)有的(de),根據(ju)專業(ye)(ye)市場研(yan)究機(ji)構——廣州南渤灣公司的(de)市場調(diao)研(yan),鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)材(cai)(cai)(cai)終端(duan)用戶為(wei)了減少廠房占地面積及加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)過程中所產(chan)(chan)生的(de)幾何(he)廢品(pin)廢料損失,希(xi)望(wang)由自身加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)零部(bu)(bu)件(jian)改(gai)變為(wei)委托鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)材(cai)(cai)(cai)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong);為(wei)了逐(zhu)(zhu)年(nian)降低采(cai)(cai)購(gou)成(cheng)本,終端(duan)用戶希(xi)望(wang)從(cong)零部(bu)(bu)件(jian)生產(chan)(chan)商采(cai)(cai)購(gou)改(gai)變為(wei)直接從(cong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)材(cai)(cai)(cai)生產(chan)(chan)商采(cai)(cai)購(gou).這(zhe)就(jiu)為(wei)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)材(cai)(cai)(cai)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)提供了新的(de)市場機(ji)會和產(chan)(chan)品(pin)的(de)增值(zhi)空間.筆(bi)者認(ren)為(wei)隨著產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)這(zhe)一(yi)趨勢的(de)發展,鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)材(cai)(cai)(cai)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)深加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)制品(pin)的(de)市場滲透率(lv)將逐(zhu)(zhu)年(nian)上(shang)升,而產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)鏈中間環節的(de)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)合金零部(bu)(bu)件(jian)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)的(de)市場滲透率(lv)可能會下降.其實鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)材(cai)(cai)(cai)深加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)也不(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)什(shen)么新生事物,但的(de)確是(shi)(shi)(shi)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)材(cai)(cai)(cai)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)短(duan)板.據(ju)廣州南渤灣公司的(de)調(diao)研(yan),這(zhe)個短(duan)板正在補(bu)缺過程中,但是(shi)(shi)(shi)進(jin)程緩(huan)慢,市場供量(liang)還微不(bu)足道(dao),究其原(yuan)因(yin),主要是(shi)(shi)(shi)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)材(cai)(cai)(cai)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)與已有的(de)零部(bu)(bu)件(jian)用戶存(cun)在市場沖突(tu),但是(shi)(shi)(shi)我們應該看(kan)到(dao)這(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)采(cai)(cai)購(gou)渠(qu)道(dao)的(de)變革方向,鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)材(cai)(cai)(cai)深加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)早布(bu)局要好(hao)于晚跟(gen)隨.

    從發達國家鋁材生產(chan)-零部(bu)件(jian)制(zhi)造(zao)-下游應用產(chan)業(ye)鏈(lian)發展(zhan)跡象(xiang)也不難看出(chu),鋁材生產(chan)及其零部(bu)件(jian)制(zhi)造(zao)兩大產(chan)業(ye)環節(jie)存(cun)在兼并融合的趨(qu)勢.譬如,近期日本最大的鋁材生產(chan)商日本聯合鋁業(ye)公司(si)(UACJ)收購了Whitehall Industries of Ludington.今年(nian)5月,UACJ還收購了SRS

    Industries LLC,被(bei)收(shou)購的(de)這兩(liang)家公(gong)司(si)都是(shi)利用鋁(lv)(lv)材加工制造(zao)汽(qi)車鋁(lv)(lv)質配件(jian)(jian)(結構配件(jian)(jian)、敞(chang)篷車頂配件(jian)(jian)、踏(ta)腳板、鋁(lv)(lv)車架)的(de)生產商.2014年(nian)6月,美國(guo)鋁(lv)(lv)業公(gong)司(si)收(shou)購航空鋁(lv)(lv)制零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)制造(zao)商FirthRixson(FR).筆者認為,對于鋁(lv)(lv)加工企業發展(zhan)(zhan)鋁(lv)(lv)材深加工零(ling)(ling)部件(jian)(jian)業務(wu),有(you)(you)兩(liang)個途徑:一是(shi)在(zai)現有(you)(you)產品(pin)生產線上投資延伸(shen)鋁(lv)(lv)材深加工,生產鋁(lv)(lv)制零(ling)(ling)部件(jian)(jian);二是(shi)兼(jian)并收(shou)購符合市場目(mu)標的(de)鋁(lv)(lv)制零(ling)(ling)部件(jian)(jian)企業.無論哪(na)種發展(zhan)(zhan)方式,其(qi)目(mu)的(de)就是(shi)利用自產鋁(lv)(lv)材的(de)成本優勢,直接向終端用戶(hu)提供具有(you)(you)高附加值的(de)鋁(lv)(lv)合金零(ling)(ling)部件(jian)(jian).

    自2013年開始(shi),勵展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)博覽(lan)集(ji)團就(jiu)聯手廣州(zhou)南渤灣公(gong)司在中(zhong)國(guo)國(guo)際(ji)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)覽(lan)會(hui)上,專門設置了鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)材(cai)(cai)(cai)深加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)覽(lan)專區,琳瑯滿目的(de)(de)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)材(cai)(cai)(cai)深加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)制(zhi)品(pin)來自國(guo)內(nei)(nei)外,多(duo)數產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)為國(guo)內(nei)(nei)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)材(cai)(cai)(cai)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)企業(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)并提(ti)供展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)出(chu),如忠旺集(ji)團的(de)(de)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合金(jin)車門、豪美鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)業(ye)的(de)(de)車用鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)制(zhi)保(bao)險杠、科(ke)諾鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)業(ye)的(de)(de)汽(qi)車鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合金(jin)天(tian)窗導軌、廣東和勝的(de)(de)OA鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)制(zhi)零(ling)部(bu)件及消費電子鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)殼體等等,它們都是(shi)按件計價的(de)(de)高(gao)附(fu)加(jia)值鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)材(cai)(cai)(cai)深加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin),直接提(ti)供給(gei)終端用戶.這些(xie)企業(ye)在延伸(shen)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)鏈而(er)嘗(chang)到(dao)到(dao)甜頭的(de)(de)同時,也(ye)為鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)材(cai)(cai)(cai)企業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)深加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)起到(dao)了示范作(zuo)用.值得一提(ti)的(de)(de)是(shi)忠旺集(ji)團在2014年就(jiu)率先投資建(jian)立(li)了國(guo)內(nei)(nei)首個(ge)大型鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)材(cai)(cai)(cai)深加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)心.叢林集(ji)團也(ye)早(zao)已建(jian)立(li)了鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)材(cai)(cai)(cai)深加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)體系(xi),如鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)制(zhi)車體、鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合金(jin)船舶、全(quan)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)結構橋梁等.實踐證明(ming),發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)材(cai)(cai)(cai)深加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)是(shi)我國(guo)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)企業(ye)再次騰飛的(de)(de)一個(ge)新標的(de)(de).

    廣州南渤(bo)灣公(gong)司最近調研(yan)了幾家華東地區的(de)鋁(lv)(lv)制(zhi)(zhi)品企業,經了解,鋁(lv)(lv)材深加(jia)工(gong)制(zhi)(zhi)品的(de)加(jia)工(gong)工(gong)序并不很復雜,主要是采用(yong)切割、拉彎、沖壓(ya)工(gong)藝(yi)與CNC或(huo)專用(yong)機(ji)床、焊(han)接等(deng)設備對鋁(lv)(lv)材進(jin)(jin)行系列精密(mi)機(ji)加(jia)工(gong),然后(hou)對其產(chan)品進(jin)(jin)行各種表面處理.按(an)可(ke)比(bi)價(jia)格(ge)計(ji)算,鋁(lv)(lv)制(zhi)(zhi)零部件價(jia)格(ge)要高出鋁(lv)(lv)材幾十倍(bei)或(huo)上百倍(bei)甚至更多.

    此外(wai),我國(guo)(guo)(guo)鋁(lv)(lv)材(cai)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)產(chan)業(ye)除了鋁(lv)(lv)材(cai)深加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)產(chan)品(pin)短(duan)板(ban)外(wai),專項廢(fei)(fei)舊鋁(lv)(lv)制品(pin)回(hui)收(shou)再(zai)生短(duan)板(ban)也(ye)要由相關(guan)(guan)鋁(lv)(lv)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)企(qi)業(ye)來(lai)補上.廣(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)南(nan)(nan)渤灣(wan)公司(si)認(ren)為(wei)這(zhe)塊短(duan)板(ban)宜盡快(kuai)補上.人們經(jing)常會(hui)聽到、看到××企(qi)業(ye)是(shi)(shi)產(chan)品(pin)整體(ti)(ti)解(jie)(jie)決方(fang)案(an)提供商,而整體(ti)(ti)解(jie)(jie)決方(fang)案(an)應(ying)(ying)該包括(kuo)產(chan)品(pin)整個(ge)(ge)生命周(zhou)期(qi)的(de)全部服務.眾所周(zhou)知(zhi),鋁(lv)(lv)具有(you)很好的(de)再(zai)生特性(xing),這(zhe)也(ye)是(shi)(shi)在鋁(lv)(lv)材(cai)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)領域,擴大(da)(da)鋁(lv)(lv)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)消費(fei)的(de)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)比較(jiao)典型的(de)優勢.隨著(zhu)鋁(lv)(lv)材(cai)大(da)(da)量(liang)(liang)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong),其回(hui)收(shou)再(zai)生就成了一(yi)個(ge)(ge)問(wen)題(ti),尤其是(shi)(shi)單一(yi)合(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)的(de)高精鋁(lv)(lv)材(cai),其報(bao)(bao)廢(fei)(fei)后由社會(hui)回(hui)收(shou)再(zai)生會(hui)造(zao)成很大(da)(da)浪(lang)費(fei),如(ru)廢(fei)(fei)舊鋁(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)易拉(la)罐(guan),應(ying)(ying)該由生產(chan)鋁(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)易拉(la)罐(guan)料的(de)企(qi)業(ye)集中(zhong)(zhong)回(hui)收(shou)再(zai)生,這(zhe)樣既有(you)利于(yu)企(qi)業(ye)也(ye)有(you)利于(yu)社會(hui).再(zai)如(ru),近幾年(nian),鋁(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)罐(guan)車(che)(che)(che)在我國(guo)(guo)(guo)發展很快(kuai),中(zhong)(zhong)集通華(hua)專用(yong)(yong)(yong)車(che)(che)(che)公司(si)的(de)鄒(zou)永(yong)泉先生在今年(nian)4月廣(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)南(nan)(nan)渤灣(wan)方(fang)略信(xin)息咨詢(xun)有(you)限公司(si)與廣(guang)西南(nan)(nan)南(nan)(nan)鋁(lv)(lv)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)限公司(si)聯(lian)合(he)(he)(he)(he)舉(ju)辦的(de)"2016(第三屆)交通裝(zhuang)備輕(qing)量(liang)(liang)化(hua)-鋁(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)材(cai)料應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)合(he)(he)(he)(he)作峰(feng)會(hui)"上演講時指出:目(mu)前(qian),中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)鋁(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)罐(guan)車(che)(che)(che)擁有(you)量(liang)(liang)已達到2萬(wan)多輛,報(bao)(bao)廢(fei)(fei)的(de)鋁(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)罐(guan)車(che)(che)(che)已有(you)2000多輛(廣(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)南(nan)(nan)渤灣(wan)注:國(guo)(guo)(guo)家規(gui)定車(che)(che)(che)輛運行10年(nian)強制報(bao)(bao)廢(fei)(fei),但鋁(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)罐(guan)體(ti)(ti)仍然(ran)完好,借此,希(xi)望國(guo)(guo)(guo)家有(you)關(guan)(guan)制定車(che)(che)(che)輛報(bao)(bao)廢(fei)(fei)的(de)部委,結合(he)(he)(he)(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)經(jing)驗(yan)和鋁(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)的(de)材(cai)料特性(xing),延長鋁(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)車(che)(che)(che)輛的(de)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)年(nian)限,避免造(zao)成國(guo)(guo)(guo)家資(zi)產(chan)的(de)大(da)(da)量(liang)(liang)浪(lang)費(fei)).鄒(zou)永(yong)泉先生認(ren)為(wei)報(bao)(bao)廢(fei)(fei)鋁(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)罐(guan)體(ti)(ti)的(de)回(hui)收(shou)再(zai)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)將影響到我國(guo)(guo)(guo)鋁(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)罐(guan)車(che)(che)(che)的(de)進(jin)一(yi)步發展.應(ying)(ying)盡快(kuai)規(gui)定報(bao)(bao)廢(fei)(fei)鋁(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)罐(guan)體(ti)(ti)由誰來(lai)回(hui)收(shou)以及如(ru)何(he)回(hui)收(shou)等事宜.這(zhe)一(yi)問(wen)題(ti)的(de)提出,值得生產(chan)車(che)(che)(che)用(yong)(yong)(yong)罐(guan)料的(de)鋁(lv)(lv)材(cai)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)企(qi)業(ye)深思,筆者認(ren)為(wei)產(chan)品(pin)整體(ti)(ti)解(jie)(jie)決方(fang)案(an)提供商應(ying)(ying)包含報(bao)(bao)廢(fei)(fei)鋁(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)罐(guan)體(ti)(ti)回(hui)收(shou)再(zai)生利用(yong)(yong)(yong)這(zhe)一(yi)服務環節.